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N.Korea Military, Uncle to Share Power with Kim Heir

By Benjamin Kang Lim

From:Washington Post Social Reader: https://apps.facebook.com/wpsocialreader/

BEIJING (Reuters) - North Korea will shift to collective rule from a strongman dictatorship after last week's death of Kim Jong-il, although his untested young son will be at the head of the ruling coterie, a source with close ties to Pyongyang and Beijing said.

上禮拜金正日去世之後，某個與平壤和北京具有緊密關連的消息指出，雖然他未經歷練的兒子將會成為領導集團的中心，北韓將會從強人專政移轉到集體統治。

Dictatorship (n.)

1. The office or tenure of a dictator.
2. A state or government under dictatorial rule.
3. Absolute or despotic control or power.

Coterie (n.)
A small, often select group of persons who associate with one another frequently.

The source added that the military, which is trying to develop a nuclear arsenal, has pledged allegiance to the untested Kim Jong-un, who takes over the family dynasty that has ruled North Korea since it was founded after World War Two.

消息來源更指出，軍方正試圖發展核子武裝，並對未經歷練的金正恩宣示效忠，其家族從二戰後北韓建立之初便開始統治至今。

arsenal (n.)

1.a large group of weapons that someone has

2.a building where weapons are stored

3.The equipment, methods etc that someone can use to help them achieve something:

pledge (v.)
=promise to make a formal, usually public, promise that you will do something

Allegiance (n.)
loyalty to a leader, country, belief etc

The source declined to be identified but has correctly predicted events in the past, telling Reuters about the North's first nuclear test in 2006 before it took place.

此來源拒絕透露身分，但在過去，曾在事發前，正確地預測並告訴記者有關北韓2006第一次核武試爆的消息。

identify (v.)

to recognize and correctly name someone or something:

The comments are the first signal that North Korea is following a course that many analysts have anticipated -- it will be governed by a group of people for the first time since it was founded in 1948. Both Kim Jong-il and his father Kim Il-sung were all-powerful, authoritarian rulers of the isolated state.

評論認為，這是第一次北韓顯著地順著許多分析家的預測走－－北韓將會被一群集團統治而這是從其1948年建國以來的第一次。過去，金正日及其父親金日成，均曾是這個孤立國家的全權獨裁者。

authoritarian

strictly forcing people to obey a set of rules or laws, especially ones that are wrong or unfair。

The situation in North Korea appeared stable after the military gave its backing to Kim Jong-un, the source said.

"It's very unlikely," the source said when asked about the possibility of a military coup. "The military has pledged allegiance to Kim Jong-un."

North Korea's collective leadership will include Kim Jong-un, his uncle and the military, the source said.

北韓現狀在軍隊支持金正恩之下呈現穩定，消息來源指出。「這是非常不可能地，」當被問到關於軍隊政變的可能性時，消息來源透露：「軍方已經向金正恩宣示效忠。」

並指出，北韓的領導集團將會包含金正恩、他的叔叔與軍方在內。

coup (n.)

a sudden and sometimes violent attempt by citizens or the army to take control of the government

Jang Song-thaek（張嵩澤）, 65, brother-in-law of Kim Jong-il and the younger Kim's uncle, is seen as the power behind the throne along with his wife Kim Kyong-hui, Kim Jong-il's sister. So too is Ri Yong-ho, the rising star of the North's military and currently its seniormost general.

張嵩澤，65歲，金正日的妹婿，金正恩的舅舅，目前與他的妻子金慶暉，金正日的妹妹，兩人被認為是幕後掌權者。

被如此認為的還有李英鎬，北韓軍方中竄起的明日之星，並是現任最資深的將軍。

seniormost 查無此字:(

The younger Kim, who is in his late 20s, has his own supporters, but is not strong enough to consolidate power, analysts said.

"I know that he's been able to build a group of supporters around himself who are of his generation," said Koh Yu-hwan, president of the Korean Association of North Korean Studies in Seoul.

年輕的金正恩，目前才二十多歲，也擁有他自己的支持者，但不足以鞏固他的權力，分析師如此認為。

「我知道他已能在他周圍建立一群與他同一時代的支持者，」位在首爾的北韓事務研究委員會主席，郭宇懷如此表示。「所以並非所有的支持他的都是70幾歲老前輩與60幾歲的Jang。有一群年輕的支持者將會快速竄起。」

"So it is not entirely elders in their 70s, plus some like Jang in their 60s, who are backing him. These young backers will be emerging fairly soon."

Koh said the coterie was put in place by Kim Jong-il before he died. "The relative calm seen these few days shows it's been effective. If things were not running smoothly, then we'd have seen a longer period of 'rule by mummy,' with Kim Jong-il being faked as still being alive."

郭宇懷說，金正日在他去世之前已經將這些支持者安排到適當的位置。「這幾天外界所看到北韓相對冷靜的態度，證實這的確是有效的。若安排並未順利得當，那麼我們應會看到一段很長"木乃伊治國"的時期，也就是假裝金正日仍然在世統治。」

He said the younger Kim would accept the set-up, for now. "Considering the tradition of strongarm rule by his father and grandfather, things can't be easy for him," he said.

他說，金正恩將會接受這些安排，至少目前是這樣。「考慮到在他祖父和父親任內的強瀆武傳統，接下來對他來說絕不輕鬆。」

Ralph Cossa, an authority on North Korea and president of the U.S. thinktank Pacific Forum CSIS, said it made sense that the ruling group would stick together.

Ralph Cossa，研究北韓的權威，同時亦是美國thinktank太平洋論壇（CSIS）的主席認為，北韓統治集團的團結十分合理。

"All have a vested interest in regime survival," he said. "I think the regime will remain stable, at least in the near-term."

「所有人都對北韓政體的存續抱有及大興趣，」他說「我認為這個政體將會維持穩定，至少近期以內。」

WARNING

The high-level source also said the North Korea test-fired a missile on Monday to warn the United States not to make any moves against it. Pyongyang however had no immediate plans for further tests barring an escalation of tensions.

另一可信高層消息也指出，週一的北韓飛彈試射是為了警告美國不要採取任何干預行動。平壤，然而，目前並沒有其他立即計畫，除非未來情勢緊張。

barring

unless something happens:

"With the missile test, (North) Korea wanted to deliver the message that they have the ability to protect themselves," the source said.

「透握這些飛彈試射，北韓希望傳達一個訊息：他們有能力保護自己。但北韓近期不太可能實行核子武器試爆，除非她被美國或南韓激怒。」

"But (North) Korea is unlikely to conduct a nuclear test in the near future unless provoked" by the United States and South Korea, the source said.

The unpredictable North's nuclear program has been a nagging source of tension for the international community. Pyongyang carried out nuclear tests in 2006 and 2009, and has quit six-party talks with South Korea, the United States, China, Japan and Russia on abandoning its nuclear program and returning to the Non-Proliferation Treaty.

無法預測的北韓核武計畫已經成為國際間緊張的來源。平壤在2006年與2009年試爆核武，並拒絕出席由南韓、美國、中國、日本和俄羅斯與會，協商北韓核武計畫與回歸核子不擴散公約的六方會談。

The high-level source also said Beijing was only notified of Kim's death earlier on Monday, the same day that North Korean state television broadcast the news. Kim died on Saturday.

消息來源亦指出，只有在北京禮拜一稍早被通知金正日的死訊，北韓也在同一天播報這個消息。金日成在星期六去世。

A leading South Korean newspaper reported on Wednesday that China learned of Kim's death soon after it occurred.

一家南韓主流媒體禮拜三報導這個消息，說中國在金正日死後馬上就得到消息。

China has given no official comment or even hints suggesting it was told of Kim's death before the public announcement.

中國官方未有任何評論或暗示其收到金正日的死訊早於公開消息。

Beijing, the North's closest ally and biggest provider of aid, has pulled out the stops to support the younger Kim. The government has invited him to visit, and in an unusual gesture, President Hu Jintao and Vice-President Xi Jinping also visited the hermit state's embassy in Beijing to express their condolences. Roads leading to the embassy were blocked.

北京，身為北韓最親密的盟友和最大的援助者，正傾全力支持年輕的金正恩。北京政府已經邀請金正恩參觀北京，並以一種不尋常的態度，中國主席胡錦濤與副主席習近平也拜訪了這個遺世獨立的國家的駐北京大使館，表達其慰問。所有連接北韓駐北京大使館的路均被封鎖。

Mainly, the prospect of instability on its northeastern border worries China and it sees the younger Kim and his coterie as the best prospect for keeping North Korea on an even keel.

中國主要擔心，北韓邊界未來可能的不穩定，以及中國認為金正恩及其領導集團未來將能穩定統治北韓。

Prospect (n.)

the possibility that something will happen

keel (n.)

船的主支幹，龍骨

On an even keel:steady, without any sudden changes

North Korea has been pressed by China to denuclearize and is willing to do so on condition that North and South Korea, the United States and China sign an armistice replacing a 1953 ceasefire agreement, the source said.

北韓已經感受到中國的在去核武方面的施壓，並也願意這樣做，只要北韓與南韓、美國與中國針對1953簽訂的南北韓停戰停火協定進行換約。

armistice (n.) agreement to stop fighting

ceasefire agreement:an agreement to stop fighting for a period of time, especially so that a more permanent agreement can be made.

The two Koreas have been divided for decades and remain technically at war since their 1950-53 conflict ended with an armistice but no peace agreement. The United States backed the South, while China supported the North in that conflict.

兩韓已經分裂超過十年餘載，並在技術上持續戰爭狀態直到1950-1953的停戰協定，衝突才暫告結束，但並沒有簽訂和平協定。

在這場衝突中，美國支持南韓，而中國支持北韓。

Pyongyang also is convinced there are U.S. nuclear weapons in South Korea and demands Washington pull them out, the source said.

平壤也相信美國在南韓設置核子武器並且可以從華盛頓下達指令發射。

(Additional reporting by Jack Kim in Seoul; Editing by Raju Gopalakrishnan and Jonathan Thatcher)